Clinical Value of Nutritional Status in Cancer: What is its Impact and how it Affects Disease Progression and Prognosis?

2017-11-01Articles

 

Clinical Value of Nutritional Status in Cancer: What is its Impact and how it Affects Disease Progression and Prognosis?

Maria Mantzorou, Antonios Koutelidakis, Stamatios Theocharis & Constantinos Giaginis
Pages 1-26 | Received 27 Dec 2016, Accepted 06 Jul 2017, Published online: 30 Oct 2017

Introduction: Malnutrition is a usual finding in cancer patients, which may affect the progress of their disease and survival. Several nutritional screening tools have currently been applied to evaluate the nutritional status of cancer patients, with conflicting efficiency though.

Aim: This study aims to critically summarize and evaluate the existing clinical data so far regarding the potential prognostic role of nutritional status, as assessed by different nutritional screening tools and related biochemical indices in cancer patients.

Materials/Methods: PubMed database was comprehensively searched by the use of various relative keywords in order to identify clinical trials investigating the prognostic role of nutritional status in cancer patients.

Results: Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) seems to be a significant, independent prognostic factor for patients’ survival in most cancer types. Pre-operative serum albumin was also correlated with worse outcomes and was identified as an independent prognostic factor in several cancer types. Body mass index (BMI) was also well-studied, however, with contradictory impact among the different cancer types. Although lower BMI was identified as an independent prognostic factor of shorter patients’ survival in some cancer types, in others it did not exert any impact on patients’ survival. 

Conclusions: This study supports evidence that nutritional status exerts significant prognostic impact in disease progression and survival of cancer patients. Further, good-quality, well-designed, prospective studies are recommended in order to draw firm conclusions on the prognostic role of specific nutritional status tools, and related biochemical indices, especially in liver, breast and prostate cancer, as well as hematological malignancies.

You can find the article here.